Agboton BL, Aguemon B, Vigan J, Bodjrenou AS, Dossou S, Ahoui S, Agboton CG and Djrolo F
Background: The purpose of this study is to analyze the risk factors of kidney disease among our chronic hemodialysis patients.
Methods: It was a cross-sectional retrospective study aimed at describing and analyzing the subject matter. It was carried out from 1st July to 30th September 2016 at the dialysis unit of CNHU-HKM, Cotonou. We resorted to non-probabilistic sampling method with comprehensive census of hemodialysis patients aged 18 years and above, whose hypertension or diabetes history is known and confirmed prior to dialysis.
Outcomes: We selected 149 patients on chronic hemodialysis. Sex-ratio was 1.57 whereas average age was 48 ± 12.88 years. Eighty six point five eight percent (86.58%) (129/149) of the respondent hemodialysis patients were known and treated as hypertensive patients prior to CKD stage. 98.04% (100/102) had hypertension as medical history (P=0.0006). Fourteen patients out of 149 i.e. 9.40% were known and regularly treated diabetic patients prior to CKD. 64.28% (9/5) of the study population had diabetes as medical History (P=0.0003). In this cohort, the risk for a dialysis patient from hypertension prone family to be hypertensive was 2.66, whereas the risk to have diabetes was 2.28 when the patient is from diabetes-prone family.
Conclusion: The link between the occurrence of chronic diseases, the risk factors and the management of these factors is well known in the scientific literature. However, in Africa where there is an alarming increase of CKD, there is pressing need for in-depth analysis for more focused and structured management.